Political Globalization / Blog Assignment 3 / Kiara Juliane Annisa

POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION

Based on : Gerard Delanty and Chris Rumford articles

1.     Summary :

Introduction

In this articles we are going to talk about what is exactly political globalization. We are going to used a form of globalization as a multidimensional, accelerated and interconnected organization of space and time across national borders regarding this topics. Political globalization as we know is a really old topic that has been discussed for a long time by the scholars and literature. And if we brought up a discussion of course we are not going to get one side of opinion  only but rather various. For some people political globalization might be seen as something positive and open up many new possibilities but for others they can see it as something that will robe their autonomy. The scholars argue that political globalization is actually can be understood as a process which interact complex field of global politics (global geopolitics, global normative culture and polycentric networks). The most popular form of political globalization is the worldwide spread of democracy based on the parliamentary nation state. Majority of country around the world used this form of political globalization but there are also country who used traditional form such as a kingdom. The democratic nation-state in many parts of the world has given rise to very different kinds of political culture.

The transformation of the nation-state, nationality, and citizenship

            Based on the Sorensen 2004 book, he argue that states would be continuing to be powerful actors but exist in a more globally connected world that they do not fully control. Sorensen said that based on the transformation of the nation-state under the globalization of economics. Another scholars, Susan strange in her 1996 book discuss that in the most well-known formulation of this position states have been seize by the global market. All of this result in the states that have to share their autonomy with other global players in other to embrace the changes.

A differences needs to be clear between states and nation-states. Based on the weber’s definition, states are the centers of monopoly of legitimate violence in a given territory while nation-states refers to a society with a define political community. Another aspects that contributed to the impact of global normative culture are the decoupling of nationality and citizenship, which resulting in the blurring of boundary between national and international law.

The transformation of the public sphere and communication

            One of the important in politics is communication, both states and nation-states has been relying on centralized systems of communication which ranging from education, multimedia, popular culture, and many other aspects. While debating about the global public sphere as a transnational place still going, we cannot dismay the importance of the emergence of a global public discourse. In this modern world public sphere is already dominated by a global public which the global context communication is filtered. The role global public play is important to shaped the public discourse that we have today. Global exist not only in onside of the social world but it’s existed in various way in a individual life, so it is possible to see political communication in the public sphere increasing.

The centrality of civil society

In order to understand the concept of political globalization thoroughly, it is also important to understand the idea development of civil society which has become the symbolization of the political potential of globalization. The civil socialization of politics has strengthen the idea that politics is progressively signifies a commonality of political from which engage the local and the global. When thinking about the importance of global civil society it is sometimes hard to differentiate which one is facts and which one is rhetoric, it often lead to exaggerated claims. For instance Mary Robinson, former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights claimed that ‘that are still two superpowers left on the planet which is the United States and global civil society. This inflicted that global civil society is crucial for the political globalization.

The transformation of spaces and borders

We might hear the word ‘borderless world’ often when we talk about globalization. The concept of borderless world where all of the citizen would not only belong to a certain political country but rather belong to the world and how everything would transcend national borders and eliminate distance. So what is the relationship between spaces and borders and globalization? There are 2 key spatial dynamics to explain this concept. The first key is related to Castells works who holds that network society is based on the space of flows which exists in tension with a space of place. It refers to the ‘social practices without geographical contiguity’, a world where everything is connected to one and each other. The second key is represented by Beck’s (2002) idea of ‘cosmopolitanization’. This concept emphasize that state and society would always change as a result of globalization, and the meaning of domestic/foreign would also change based on it.

2.     What was interesting/what did I learn :

While reading this chapter I found out that the spaces and border issue regarding the globalization is something that has been talked by the scholars a lot and it’s something that important in the process of globalization. It’s also interesting to read how the world could change in the future because of the globalization that is happening.

3.     Point of discussion :

Do you think it would be possible if in the future the world doesn’t have any political border such as a country, anymore? What is the downside and upside of being globalize?