The Security Council is made up of 15 countries.
Five countries - Russia, France, China, the U.S. and the U.K. - make up the five-member group. The power of a permanent member of the board is sometimes strong enough to limit the sovereignty of another country. They have created peacekeepers and have been tasked with maintaining peace in conflict areas around the globe.
In contrast, the Security Council was criticized for having split the international community into two camps during the Cold War and for failing to resolve the issue due to its excessive veto power. In fact, the Security Council was helpless when the Soviet Union invaded Hungary, Chekoslovakia, and Afghanistan, and even during the Cuban missile crisis, it failed to take any action until the U.S. and Soviet interests resolved the situation. Both countries were permanent members with veto power.
For this reason, U.N. members have been discussing the reform of the Security Council for the past 20 years, but there is a wide gap in their opinions on the main issues: the extension of permanent seats and veto power.
But reform is necessary. This is because after the post-Cold War, the UN has not responded properly to the new security environment and threats.
Russia is against the U.N. reform because it reduces its authority.
On the other hand, South Korea is calling for the expansion of around 10 non-permanent members elected through regular elections to secure responsibility, efficiency, representation and democracy for the Security Council.
Hopefully, these discussions will lead the UN to make appropriate reforms and act as an organization to cope with the new environment.
Five countries - Russia, France, China, the U.S. and the U.K. - make up the five-member group. The power of a permanent member of the board is sometimes strong enough to limit the sovereignty of another country. They have created peacekeepers and have been tasked with maintaining peace in conflict areas around the globe.
In contrast, the Security Council was criticized for having split the international community into two camps during the Cold War and for failing to resolve the issue due to its excessive veto power. In fact, the Security Council was helpless when the Soviet Union invaded Hungary, Chekoslovakia, and Afghanistan, and even during the Cuban missile crisis, it failed to take any action until the U.S. and Soviet interests resolved the situation. Both countries were permanent members with veto power.
For this reason, U.N. members have been discussing the reform of the Security Council for the past 20 years, but there is a wide gap in their opinions on the main issues: the extension of permanent seats and veto power.
But reform is necessary. This is because after the post-Cold War, the UN has not responded properly to the new security environment and threats.
Russia is against the U.N. reform because it reduces its authority.
On the other hand, South Korea is calling for the expansion of around 10 non-permanent members elected through regular elections to secure responsibility, efficiency, representation and democracy for the Security Council.
Hopefully, these discussions will lead the UN to make appropriate reforms and act as an organization to cope with the new environment.
I want to discuss with students how the UN should reform.
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